Unpacking the optimistic mindset of business students towards entrepreneurship.

Entrepreneurial ventures are established in large numbers in China. The success rate of these entrepreneurial ventures is lower than that of new startups. Mismanagement and a lack of creative skills among entrepreneurs are cited as reasons for entrepreneurial failure in China. The current study investigates the impact of entrepreneurial networking and new venture intention on entrepreneurial success in China, with psychological capital and entrepreneurial optimism serving as moderators. 483 responses were collected from business students in China for data analysis. The findings of the study reveal that the impact of entrepreneurial networking and new venture intention on entrepreneurial success in China, with the moderating role of psychological capital and entrepreneurial optimism, is significant. The theoretical framework of this research has novelty as it introduces new moderating relationships of psychological capital and entrepreneurial optimism in the model of entrepreneurial success. Practically, this study has revealed that entrepreneurial success can be achieved with entrepreneurial networking, entrepreneurial optimism, psychological capital, and new venture intention. The directions of this research point out additional gaps in the literature that scholars should discuss in subsequent studies.

Greening for greater good: investigating the critical factors for customer satisfaction with sustainable e-banking.

This study investigated the impact of efficiency, reliability, responsiveness, safety, and security on customer satisfaction with sustainable e-banking. The study used a quantitative methodology, with data collected from customers of commercial banks in South Punjab, Pakistan. A Likert scale questionnaire was used to collect cross-sectional data. A sample of 350 was analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) for testing descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and regression results. The study's results revealed that efficiency, reliability, responsiveness, safety, and security significantly impacted customer satisfaction with e-banking services. Efficiency and reliability were the most crucial factors influencing customer satisfaction, followed by safety, security, and responsiveness. The research findings have important implications for commercial banks, as they highlight the critical role of these factors in the development of sustainable e-banking practices. Overall, the study provides valuable insights for commercial banks seeking to improve their e-banking services and ensure customer satisfaction. Commercial banks can enhance their competitiveness and achieve sustainable growth in the highly competitive e-banking sector by prioritizing efficiency, reliability, responsiveness, and safety and security.

PATIENTS SATISFACTION WITH PAIN MEDICATION: A STUDY OF LABORATORY MEDICINE.

Patients in pain have different levels of satisfaction. The experience of patients regarding medication is based on their past treatment. The mental satisfaction of the patients for laboratory medication is necessary for their health recovery. The satisfaction of patients is a challenge for healthcare institutes to provide better facilities to patients. The goal of this research is to investigate the impact of taking patch pain medication, taking oral pain medication, and taking intravenous medication on patients' satisfaction with laboratory pain medication. The model of this research is based on the gap in the literature. 645 responses were considered for data analysis with Smart PLS 3.0 for study findings. The findings disclosed the impact of taking patch pain medication, taking an oral medication, and taking intravenous medication is significant on patients' satisfaction with laboratory pain medication. The study has theoretically enriched the literature with a unique contribution to the study model. Practically, the study has discovered the ways the healthcare sector can improve the satisfaction of patients for their better health and satisfaction. The future directions highlighted by this study are useful for future studies to contribute to patients' satisfaction with laboratory medication.

Role of corporate social responsibility, management practices, organizational behavior in social equity with mediating role of women empowerment: A study of the Islamic banking sector of South Punjab.

The objective of this study was to identify the relationship between corporate social responsibility (CSR), management practices (MPs), and organizational behavior (OB) in social equity (SE) with the mediating role of women empowerment in the Islamic banking sector of South Punjab. It is a fact that, in the Islamic banking sector, South Punjab is facing a crisis in terms of SE for its employees and customers. This study is based on the quantitative data collected with a five-point Likert scale to identify the relationship between the variables of the framework. Smart PLS 3 software was used in this study to measure the primary data collected by 355 questionnaires. The study concluded that there is an important role of CSR, MPs, and OB in the management of SE in the Islamic banking sector of South Punjab. The theoretical framework of this study is a significant contribution to knowledge as it is based on the significant variables for SE. The study is significant because it provides theoretical as well as practical implications quite useful for the Islamic banking sector of South Punjab to cope with the problem of SE.

The role of open innovation, hotel service quality and marketing strategy in hotel business performance.

These days, instead of developing and marketing new products in the market, organizations are shifting towards commercialization. Therefore, open innovation is of much importance in this era of industrialization. In this study, open innovation is used as a strategic tool to improve the service innovation and organizational performance of the Malaysian hospitality industry. Therefore, the objective of this research study is to examine the role of open innovation in business performance of Malaysian hospitality industry. A survey is conducted with the management of the organizations of the hospitality industry to collect data. Partial Least Square-Structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) tool is used to test the hypothesis and get results. The findings of the study highlighted that open innovation is the main source of boosting organizational performance in the hospitality industry of Malaysia. The increase in open innovation practices among hotels can increase the business performance by increasing return on investment, return on assets, return on sales and return on equity. The term open innovation incorporates ICT, innovation in the organization, and internal and external knowledge management. Accumulation of these elements forms a mechanism that results in an increase in organizational performance by incorporating service innovation. Hence, this study is most suitable to develop strategies for service innovation using open innovation that improves organizational performance.

Pharmaceutical interventions: A solution to stop smoking.

Background: Smoking has become a worldwide problem and the more problematic is when the youth of any country is highly involved in consuming tobacco that is dangerous for the human being. The Indian youth is involved in smoking-like activities that are dangerous for them. Objectives: To analyze the role of new treatment ways including nicotine gum, nicotine patch, and nicotine replacement therapy backed by pharmaceutical interventions to eliminate smoking from Indian society. Method: The hypotheses of this study are formed on the basis of previous studies and the identification of gap in practices. This study is based on the cross-sectional data that was collected with the help of a questionnaire based on a five-point Likert scale from the Indian pharma industry people. The sample size for this study was 340 with a response rate of 50%. Results: In this study, 179 valid questionnaires were collected back from the respondents, and according to the results, nicotine gum, nicotine patch, and nicotine replacement therapies have a significant (p<0.05) effect on smoker attitudes. Conclusion: This study concludes that pharmaceutical interventions are critical to stopping the smoking habit in Indian society, and this contribution is providing a solution to stop smoking by affecting the smoker's attitude and smoking behavior.

Management of Mesenteric Venous Ischaemia: A Case Series With Newer Approaches.

Mesenteric venous thrombosis is a rare condition that can result in morbid and sometimes fatal consequences. Conventional approaches have been to either resect and raise a stoma and/or anticoagulate. The disadvantage is that the conventional approaches do not address the underlying thrombus. This sometimes can lead to a downward spiral of worsening ischaemia culminating in further resections leading to loss of bowel length and subsequent short bowel syndrome. In this article, we present a case series that describes four possible approaches: (1) expectant management with anticoagulation, (2) resect, anti-coagulate, and reanastamose, (3) surgical thrombectomy (using Fogarty catheter), and (4) radiological thrombectomy. The technique along with criteria for different approaches are described.

Pharmaceutical interventions: A solution to stop smoking

Background: Smoking has become a worldwide problem and the more problematic is when the youth of any country is highly involved in consuming tobacco that is dangerous for the human being. The Indian youth is involved in smoking-like activities that are dangerous for them. Objectives: To analyze the role of new treatment ways including nicotine gum, nicotine patch, and nicotine replacement therapy backed by pharmaceutical interventions to eliminate smoking from Indian society. Method: The hypotheses of this study are formed on the basis of previous studies and the identification of gap in practices. This study is based on the cross-sectional data that was collected with the help of a questionnaire based on a five-point Likert scale from the Indian pharma industry people. The sample size for this study was 340 with a response rate of 50%. Results: In this study, 179 valid questionnaires were collected back from the respondents, and according to the results, nicotine gum, nicotine patch, and nicotine replacement therapies have a significant (p<0.05) effect on smoker attitudes. Conclusion: This study concludes that pharmaceutical interventions are critical to stopping the smoking habit in Indian society, and this contribution is providing a solution to stop smoking by affecting the smoker’s attitude and smoking behavior. (AU)

A Case-Based Overview of the Role of Radiological Imaging in Emergency General Surgery.

This article aims to give an overview of some of the common conditions seen in emergency general surgery and the recommended choice of imaging. For junior doctors, choosing the correct imaging modality can be difficult so we aim to provide a summary of the evidence behind radiology for emergency general surgery. Four of the most important acute surgical conditions were chosen, alongside abdominal aortic aneurysm. A literature search was carried out to review the most up-to-date evidence regarding imaging choices. Cases were chosen from everyday practice to put the imaging into context. This article gives an overview of the most common imaging modalities used in emergency general surgery. It can be used by medical students and junior doctors to help understand the reasoning behind imaging choices on the acute surgical take.

Impact of organizational characteristics on employees' entrepreneurial orientation with mediating role of knowledge process capabilities and moderating role of psychological factors in the era of COVID-19.

Purpose: The study aims to investigate the impact of organizational characteristics and knowledge process capabilities on the entrepreneurial orientation among the manufacturing industry employees in the Punjab province of Pakistan. Additionally, this study has examined the mediating role of knowledge process capabilities in the relationship between organizational characteristics and entrepreneurial orientation among those employees and the moderating effect of psychological factors on the relationship between organizational characteristics and entrepreneurial orientation. Design methodology and approach: The study has employed the survey-based methodology and data are collected with the aid of self-administered questionnaires. This study utilized the partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) to establish the validity and reliability of the measurement model and test the relationships. The response rate of the current study is 64.66%. Findings: The study findings have shown mixed results as one of the organizational characteristics, namely, resource and time availability is an insignificant determinate of entrepreneurial orientation among the manufacturing industry employees in Punjab province of Pakistan. Whereas management support, rewards, work discretion, and knowledge process capabilities appear as significant determinates of employees' entrepreneurial orientation. The results indicated that knowledge process capabilities have a mediating role in the relationship between organizational characteristics and employees' entrepreneurial orientation. Moreover, psychological factors, namely, propensity to take risk and locus of control have a significant moderating role on the relationship of management support, rewards, and work discretion with employees' entrepreneurial orientation. Practical implications: The empirical insights on the study are valuable for policymakers and managers in manufacturing sectors of developing countries, such as Pakistan, to enrich their work performance through the understanding impact of organizational characteristics and knowledge process capabilities on the entrepreneurial orientation with moderating role of psychological factors. Originality and value: Studies on the mediating impact of knowledge process capabilities on the linkage between organizational characteristics and entrepreneurial orientation with the moderating role of psychological factors remain limited. This study is one of the earliest studies that investigate these inter-relationships.

Proposal and Validation of a New Classification of Surgical Outcomes after Colorectal Resections within an Enhanced Recovery Programme.

BACKGROUND: Advantages of Enhanced Recovery (ER) programmes in colorectal surgery have already been demonstrated, but heterogeneity exists with respect to the choice of compared outcomes. A comprehensive classification aimed at standardizing the reporting of surgical outcomes has been proposed and validated. METHOD: Clinical variables of 231 patients who underwent colorectal resections within an ER programme from 2013-2018 were analysed. Their outcomes have been reported according to a new classification in 5 classes and 11 subclasses. Prognostic variables have been identified. RESULTS: Seventy-nine patients (34.2%) had an optimal class 1 outcome. Almost half of the patients had an uneventful recovery after being discharged after day 4 (2a). Only two patients (0.9%) were discharged early and then readmitted for a minor ailment (2b). Total morbidity was 12.6% (3a-5). Perioperative mortality was 2.6% (5). Young age, laparoscopic resection, and years of experience with ER have been identified as independent prognostic factors towards a totally positive outcome. CONCLUSIONS: The proposed outcome classification is a simple and objective tool to report the surgical outcome in clinical studies. Its implementation seems to be appropriate, in particular, in the field of ER protocols in colorectal surgery, but it can have a wider application in any other surgical subspeciality.

Case-report: A rare cause of intestinal obstruction in late pregnancy.

INTRODUCTION: Caecal volvulus represents a rare and often life-threatening cause of intestinal obstruction. Diagnosis and management of caecal volvulus remains a clinical challenge, since those presenting with symptoms can have vague nonspecific presentations. Symptoms eventually occur, usually secondary to obstruction or ischaemia. This case report will discuss the presentation, investigation and management options available. PRESENTATION: A 31-year-old multigravida, at 38 weeks and 6 days gestation; presented to hospital with a 2-day history of diffuse abdominal pain and distension. Initial examination was unremarkable aside from mild epigastric tenderness. Raised inflammatory markers and concerns for foetal health resulted in an emergency caesarean section. Symptoms however worsened and the patient underwent colonoscopy and computerised tomography (CT) of the abdomen and pelvis with contrast; showing caecal volvulus. The patient was taken to the operating theatres for an emergency right hemicolectomy with formation of end ileostomy. Intra-operatively, areas of necrosis were noted within the caecum suggestive of impending perforation. The patient recovered well post reversal of end ileostomy, with no complications to date. DISCUSSION: Caecal volvulus represents a rare, but potentially fatal cause of intestinal obstruction and ischaemia. High mortality rates are attributed to delayed diagnosis and treatment. Patients may initially present with vague symptoms, which rapidly progress with the development of ischaemia. Multiple management modalities exist. Central to prognosis is early diagnosis. CONCLUSION: Early diagnosis and intervention are paramount. Imaging via abdominal x-rays and CT are of particular importance. Surgical management is widely reported as the mainstay of treatment. We advise clinicians to remember this rare diagnosis, as a potential cause of abdominal pain and intestinal obstruction; especially in those with predisposing risk factors.

Case-report: A rare cause of an intra-abdominal mass.

INTRODUCTION: Mesenteric cysts are a rare and often asymptomatic incidental finding on imaging. The diagnosis and management of mesenteric cysts remains a clinical challenge since those presenting with symptoms, often have vague and nonspecific symptoms, owing to variability in cyst location and size. This case report will aim to discuss the presentation, investigation and management options available. PRESENTATION: A 73-year-old female presented with abdominal swelling and a palpable right sided mass. Examination revealed a right sided mass and abdominal distention with vital signs within normal limits. Ultrasound scan (USS) revealed a right-sided 12 cm × 11 cm × 8 cm thin walled cyst. DISCUSSION: Mesenteric cysts are mostly asymptomatic but can cause nonspecific symptoms of abdominal pain, abdominal distension, altered bowel habit, nausea, vomiting and an abdominal mass. Complete surgical excision, either laparoscopically, or through a laparotomy is typically considered first line treatment. If size or location of the cyst precludes complete surgical excision, partial excision with marsupialisation of the opening of the cyst into the abdominal peritoneal cavity is a second option. CONCLUSION: Mesenteric cysts represent a rare cause of intra-abdominal mass. Owing to low prevalence, literature is limited as is guidance on management. Careful pre-operative planning is essential so as to avoid operative complications. Imaging such as USS is of great importance; however Computed Tomography (CT) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) may be of more benefit, owing to the complex anatomical relations within which mesenteric cysts can present. Surgical excision is widely reported as the surgical treatment of choice for symptomatic cysts.

Case-report: A rare cause of an intra-abdominal mass.

INTRODUCTION: Mesenteric cysts are a rare and often asymptomatic incidental finding on imaging. The diagnosis and management of mesenteric cysts remains a clinical challenge since those presenting with symptoms, often have vague and nonspecific symptoms, owing to variability in cyst location and size. This case report will aim to discuss the presentation, investigation and management options available. PRESENTATION: A 73-year-old female presented with abdominal swelling and a palpable right sided mass. Examination revealed a right sided mass and abdominal distention with vital signs within normal limits. Ultrasound scan (USS) revealed a right-sided 12 cm × 11 × cm × 8 cm thin walled cyst. DISCUSSION: Mesenteric cysts are mostly asymptomatic but can cause nonspecific symptoms of abdominal pain, abdominal distension, altered bowel habit, nausea, vomiting and an abdominal mass. Complete surgical excision, either laparoscopically, or through a laparotomy is typically considered first line treatment. If size or location of the cyst precludes complete surgical excision, partial excision with marsupialisation of the opening of the cyst into the abdominal peritoneal cavity is a second option. CONCLUSION: Mesenteric cysts represent a rare cause of intra-abdominal mass. Owing to low prevalence, literature is limited as is guidance on management. Careful pre-operative planning is essential so as to avoid operative complications. Imaging such as USS is of great importance; however Computed Tomography (CT) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) may be of more benefit, owing to the complex anatomical relations within which mesenteric cysts can present. Surgical excision is widely reported as the surgical treatment of choice for symptomatic cysts.

Antenatal maternal anxiety predicts variations in neural structures implicated in anxiety disorders in newborns.

OBJECTIVE: Antenatal maternal anxiety predicts offspring neurodevelopment and psychopathology, although the degree to which these associations reflect postnatal influences is unclear. To limit this possibility, we assessed newborn neuronal microstructures using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and assessed neonatal microstructure variation in relation to antenatal anxiety and in prediction of infant socio-emotional behavior at age 1 year. METHOD: Dyads were drawn from the Growing Up in Singapore Towards Healthy Outcomes (GUSTO) cohort, and included mothers who completed the Speilberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) at 26 weeks gestation (scoring >90, n = 20; scoring <70, n = 34) and their neonates (5-17 days postnatal) who took part in DTI. RESULTS: Antenatal anxiety predicted variation in fractional anisotropy (FA) of regions important to cognitive-emotional responses to stress (i.e., the right insula and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex), sensory processing (e.g., right middle occipital), and socio-emotional function (e.g., the right angular gyrus, uncinate fasciculus, posterior cingulate, and parahippocampus). In a subset of infants with Infant Toddler Socio-Emotional Assessment (ITSEA) data, some of these right lateralized clusters predicted infant internalizing (e.g., insula: ß = 0.511, p = .03) but not externalizing behavior 1 year later, although these analyses failed to withstand the correction for multiple comparisons. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest the need for larger-scale investigations of the role that corticolimbic structures play in regulating cognitive-emotional responses to threat, and potentially in mediating the cross-generational transmission of anxiety, as well as in underscoring the importance of early mother-infant intervention programs.

Do surgery journals insist on reporting by CONSORT and PRISMA? A follow-up survey of 'instructions to authors'.

AIMS: Guidance has been published on how best to report randomised controlled trials (Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials - CONSORT) and systematic reviews (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis - PRISMA). In 2011, we reported a low rate of enforcement by surgery journals for submitted manuscripts to conform to these guidelines. The aim of this follow-up study is to establish whether there has been any improvement. METHODS: We studied the 134 surgery journals indexed in the Journal Citation Report. The 'Instructions to Authors' were scrutinised for inclusion of the following guidance: CONSORT, PRISMA, clinical trial registration and systematic review registration. RESULTS: Compared to 2011, there has been an improvement in the endorsement of reporting guidance in journals' 'Instructions to Authors' in 2014, as follows: trial registration (42% vs 33%), CONSORT (42% vs 30%) and PRISMA (19% vs 10%, all p < 0.001). As in 2011, journals with a higher impact were more likely to adopt trial registration (p < 0.001), CONSORT (p < 0.001) and PRISMA (p = 0.002). Journals with editorial offices in the UK were more likely to endorse guidance compared to those outside the UK (p < 0.05). Only one journal mentioned registration for systematic reviews. CONCLUSIONS: Surgery journals are presently more likely to require submitted manuscripts to follow published reporting guidance compared to three years ago. However, overall concordance rates are still low, and an improvement is required to help enhance the quality of reporting - and ultimately the conduct - of randomised control trials and systematic reviews in surgery.

Back to basics: a bilingual advantage in infant visual habituation.

Comparisons of cognitive processing in monolinguals and bilinguals have revealed a bilingual advantage in inhibitory control. Recent studies have demonstrated advantages associated with exposure to two languages in infancy. However, the domain specificity and scope of the infant bilingual advantage in infancy remains unclear. In the present study, 114 monolingual and bilingual infants were compared in a very basic task of information processing-visual habituation-at 6 months of age. Bilingual infants demonstrated greater efficiency in stimulus encoding as well as in improved recognition memory for familiar stimuli as compared to monolinguals. Findings reveal a generalized cognitive advantage in bilingual infants that is broad in scope, early to emerge, and not specific to language.

Endovascular aneurysm repair in nonagenarians: a systematic review.

BACKGROUND: Endovascular aortic aneurysm repair (EVAR) has been associated with a reduction in early morbidity and mortality compared with open surgery, creating an opportunity for aneurysm repair in those previously considered unfit for intervention. We determine the published incidence of complications and survival after elective EVAR in nonagenarians. METHODS: A systematic literature search was performed using the PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases up to December 2012. Two observers independently screened search results and extracted data. RESULTS: Six retrospective reports were identified including 361 patients (81% men) with a mean age of 91.6 years. The mean aneurysm size was 69 mm. Comorbidities include hypertension (81%), ischemic heart disease (50%), peripheral vascular disease (30%), and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (20%). There was no intraoperative mortality, 22% of patients had perioperative medical or surgical complications, and 24% had endoleaks. Mean duration of hospital stay was 4 days. Thirty-day mortality was 5%, and survival at 1, 3, and 5 years was 82%, 56%, and 17%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Although the complication rates and longer term survival after elective EVAR in carefully selected nonagenarians appear acceptable, they are higher than those reported in younger patients. Given the typical life expectancy, careful consideration should be given to individual cases before undertaking EVAR in the nonagenarian.

Actinomyces infection causing acute right iliac fossa pain.

This is a case of a 75-year-old man being admitted to the on-call surgical department with acute abdominal pain. On arrival he was clinically dehydrated and shocked with localised pain over McBurney's point and examination findings were suggestive of appendiceal or other colonic pathology. Full blood testing revealed a white cell count of 38×10(9)/L and a C reactive protein (CRP) of 278 mg/L. A CT scan revealed a gallbladder empyema that extended into the right iliac fossa. This case highlights the potential for a hyperdistended gallbladder empyema to present as acute right iliac fossa pain with blood tests suggestive of complicated disease. Further analysis confirmed Actinomyces infection as the underlying aetiology prior to a laparoscopic subtotal cholecystectomy. This case serves to remind clinicians of this as a rare potential cause of atypical gallbladder pathology.

Prenatal maternal depression associates with microstructure of right amygdala in neonates at birth.

BACKGROUND: Antenatal maternal cortisol levels associate with alterations in the amygdala, a structure associated with emotion regulation, in the offspring. However, because offspring brain and behavior are commonly assessed years after birth, the timing of such maternal influences is unclear. This study aimed to examine the association between antenatal maternal depressive symptomatology and neonatal amygdala volume and microstructure and thus establish evidence for the transgenerational transmission of vulnerability for affective disorders during prenatal development. METHODS: Our study recruited Asian mothers at 10 to 13 weeks pregnancy and assessed maternal depression at 26 weeks gestation using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. Structural magnetic resonance imaging and diffusion tensor imaging were performed with 157 nonsedated, 6- to 14-day-old newborns and then analyzed to extract the volume, fractional anisotropy, and axial diffusivity values of the amygdala. RESULTS: Adjusting for household income, maternal age, and smoking exposure, postconceptual age at magnetic resonance imaging, and birth weight, we found significantly lower fractional anisotropy (p = .009) and axial diffusivity (p = .028), but not volume (p = .993), in the right amygdala in the infants of mothers with high compared with those with low-normal Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale scores. CONCLUSIONS: The results reveal a significant relation between antenatal maternal depression and the neonatal microstructure of the right amygdala, a brain region closely associated with stress reactivity and vulnerability for mood anxiety disorders. These findings suggest the prenatal transmission of vulnerability for depression from mother to child and that interventions targeting maternal depression should begin early in pregnancy.